Birnbaum v. Trussell’s Empirical Analysis
371 F.2d 672 · 1966
Citation profile
71 federal appellate · 36 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 156 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2023 · most notably Lynch v. Household Finance Corp. (1972), Quinn v. Syracuse Model Neighborhood Corp. (1980)
71 federal appellate · 36 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Monroe v. Pape · Screws v. United States · Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath · Snowden v. Hughes · United Public Workers of America v. Mitchell
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 156 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“". . . whenever there is a substantial interest, other than employment by the state, involved in the discharge of a public employee, he can be removed neither on arbitrary grounds nor without a procedure calculated to determine whether legitimate grounds do exist." Birnbaum v. Trussel, 371 F.2d 672 , 678 (2nd Cir. 1966).”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Sec. 1983 ... should be interpreted with sufficient liberality to fulfill its purpose of providing a federal remedy in a federal court in protection of a federal right.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“discharge for disloyalty * * * may involve such legal rights as those in reputation and in eligibility for other employment.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.