Putman v. Zeluff’s Empirical Analysis
1964
Citation profile
1 federal appellate · 2 district · 16 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 27 later decisions — most recently November 1990 · most notably Ambassador Insurance Company v. Montes (1978), Gowing v. Great Plains Mutual Insurance (1971)
1 federal appellate · 2 district · 16 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 27 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In this case, the central issue is whether Linebaugh, then twenty-one years old, intended to injure Berdish, then fourteen, when he allegedly had sexual intercourse with her. Unless the intent to injure can be inferred as a matter of law, a genuine issue of fact regarding Linebaugh’s intentions remains and summary judgment under this rule would be improper. Thus, if we decide that intent to injure can be inferred, as a matter of law, summary judgment was proper because coverage under the policy in question excludes intentional injuries. The cases in Michigan concerning exclusions from homeowner’s insurance coverage have generally construed one of two policy forms. Many older cases, in particular, have concerned exclusions for “injury, sickness, disease, death, or destruction caused intentionally by or at the direction of the insured”, which is approximately the wording of the policy in this case. The homeowner’s policy issued by Transamerica to Linebaugh’s parents provides that Transamerica will indemnify its insureds against “occurrences” which are accidentally caused. The policy states in part: “Section II. Comprehensive Personal Liability, definition * * * * # * “(b) Occurrence. ‘Occurrence’ means an accident, or a continuous or repeated exposure to conditions, which results in injury during the Policy Period, provided the injury is accidentally caused. All damages arising out of such exposure to substantially the same general conditions shall be considered as arising out ”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.