Ingels Estate’s Empirical Analysis
1952
Citation profile
24 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 25 later decisions — most recently November 2007 · most notably Furjanick Estate (1953), 311 Pa. Super. 233 - In Re Estate of Agostini (1983)
24 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on In Re the Accounting of Totten · Wallace's Estate · Scanlon's Estate · Windolph v. Girard Trust Co. · Reese v. Philadelphia Trust, Safe Deposit & Insurance
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 25 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““1. A [savings] bank deposit by one person of Ms own money, in his own name, as trustee for another, standing alone, creates merely a tentative trust, revocable at will, until the depositor dies or completes the gift in his lifetime. “2. A tentative trust may be revoked, among other means, by (1) oral declarations of the depositor, and (2) facts and circumstances resulting in inadequacy of the estate assets to satisfy the testamentary gifts, funeral and administration expenses, taxes and other charges. “3. Restatement, Trusts, §58, cited. “4. It was Held that the testimony of the scrivener of decedent’s will as to his conversations with the testatrix leading to the preparation of her will was admissible to show her intention that the tentative trust be revoked. “5. It was Held that the circumstantial evidence was insufficient to establish that settlor intended to make the tentative trust irrevocable.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Brose Estate““ ‘The first question which arises is one of intention. The depositor’s intention may be to create an irrevocable trust to arise immediately. He may not intend to create a trust at all. He may intend to create a revocable trust. Evidence is admissible in all cases to show which was the intention of the depositor. The evidence may show that the depositor intended to create an irrevocable trust. Thus, if he notifies the beneficiary of the trust, and particularly if he delivers the bankbook to the beneficiary, or if he makes statements showing his intention to create an irrevocable trust, the trust will be irrevocable at the outset or become irrevocable during the lifetime of the depositor....’” (Italics supplied.)”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Ackerman Estate
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.