Offermann v. Nitkowski’s Empirical Analysis
378 F.2d 22 · 1967
Citation profile
22 federal appellate · 4 district · 10 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 55 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently November 2011 · most notably Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), Core v. Norwalk Redevelopment Agency (1968)
22 federal appellate · 4 district · 10 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Brown v. Board of Education · McLaughlin v. Florida · Ex parte Poresky · Idaho Sheet Metal Works, Inc. v. Wirtz
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 55 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““That there may be no constitutional duty to act to undo de facto segregation, however, does not mean such action is unconstitutional. . . . ” “Consideration of race is necessary to carry out the mandate in Brown , and has been used, as noted in cases following Brown . Where its use is to insure against, rather than to promote deprivation of equal educational opportunity, we cannot conceive that our courts would find that the state denied equal protection to either race by requiring its school boards to act with awareness of the problem.” 378 F.2d 24, 24 .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.