United States v. Boyd’s Empirical Analysis
1964
Citation profile
98 federal appellate · 36 district · 102 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 309 later decisions (7 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2024 · most notably United States v. New Mexico (1982), First Agricultural National Bank of Berkshire County v. State Tax Commission (1968)
98 federal appellate · 36 district · 102 state decisions — followed in 22 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2051
Relies on M'Culloch v. State of Maryland · James v. Dravo Contracting Co. · Graves v. People of State of New York O'Keefe · Alabama v. King & Boozer · Powell v. United States Cartridge Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 309 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“in connection with its own commercial activities”
13 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“' "so incorporated into the government structure as to become instrumentalities of the United States,”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“' "so assimilated by the Government as to become one of its constituent parts,”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.