DRUCKER ". ROBERTSON.
97
definition of that particular tenn here. The word is used in connection with other words which seem to indicate that it is used in its ordinary sense; and, if it is used in its ordinary sense, it plainly covers the articles DOW before us. Verdict directed for defendant.
DRUCKER V. ROBERTSON,
Collector of Customs.
(Oircuit Oourt, S. D. New York. December 17, 1888.)
1.
CUSTOMS DUTIES-EYELET HOOKS.
Eyelet hooks or lacing studs for shoes are dutiable under the clauses for manufactures of metals in Schedule E. § 2504, Rev. St. U. S., and Schedule C, act March 3, 1883, at 35 per cent, and 45 per cent., respectively.
2.
BAME-ELASTIC GORING FOR SHOES.
a.
Elastic goring for shoes composed of silk, cotton, lind India rubber is dutiable at 30 per cent. ad 'Oalorern as an India·rubber fabric, under Schedule N, act March 3, 1883.
BAME.
Elastic goring for shoes, composed of worsted, cotton, and India rubber, is dutiable at 80 cents per pound. and 50 per cent. ad 'Oalorem, under Schedule K, and like goring, made of cotton and rubber, at 35 per cent. ad 'Oalorem, under Schedule I, of the act of March 3, 1883. .
At Law. Action to recover back custom duties. The plaintiff brought this action to recover back duties alleged to have been exacted in excess of the lawful rate on c.ertain importations made by him in 1883 and 1884. The importations consisted of two classes of goods,-the eyelets with hooks on them, such as are often worn in the uppers of men's shoes, and the elastic goring which is put into the uppers of Congress gaiters. The eyelet hooks were imported, some before, and some after, the taking effect of the act of March 3, 1883, and were classified for duty by the collector at 35 per cent. and 45 per cent. ad valorem, respectively, under the "manufacture of metals" classes of the two acts, Schedule E, § 2504, Rev. St. U. S., and Schedule C, act March 3, 1883.. The plaintiffs claimed that those imported prior to July 1, 1883, were properly dutiable at 6 cents per 1,000 as "eyelets of eyery description," or at 30 per cent. ad valorem as "buttons," under Schedule M, § 2504, Rev. St. U. S., and that those imported after July I, 1883, were properly dutiable at 35 per cent. ad valorem as "plated or gilt articles," under Schedule C, act March 3,1883, or at 25 per cent. advalorem as "buttons," under Schedule N of the same act. As to this issue, the testimony was unconflicting that the goods were never known in trade Rnd commerce in this country as "eyelets" or "buttons," but always as "eyelet hooks" or "lacing studs." The gorings in the case were all imported after July 1, 1883, -and were of three kinds,-the first composed of silk, cotton, and rubber; the second. of worsted, cotton, and rubber; the third, of cotton and rubber. The first kind was classified for· duty at 35 per cent. ad valorem under the clause in Schedule N, act March 3, v.38F.no.2-7
FEDERAL REPORTER, vol. 38. 1883, that rate ofduty upQn"webbing comp6sed ofcotton, flax, or any other II1aterialsj" the second kind at 30 cents per pound, and 50 per cent. ad valorem, under the clause in Schedule K, act March 3, 1883, imposing that rate of duty upon "webbings, gorings, suspenders, braces, . * * * of which worsted is a component materialj" and the third kind at 35 per cent. ad valorem, under the clause in Schedule I of the same act, imposing that rate upon "cotton * * * webbing, goring, suspenders, braces." The plaintiff claimed that they were all properly dutiable at 30 per cent"adtvalorem as composed wholly or in part of India rubber," under Schedule N, act March 3, 1883. Stephen G. Clarke, for plaintiff. Stephen A. Walker, U. S. Atty., and lIfacgrane Coxe, Asst. U. S. Atty., for. defendant. ' LACOMBE,' J., (charging jury, ofter stating the facts as above.) I should only confuse you if I reviewed the various provisions of the tariff act der which the law governing this ,case is crystalized. As to the eyelet hooks you need not concern yourselves; your verdict as to them must be in favor of the defendant., Nor need you concern yourselves as to so much of the elastic fabrics are composed of silk, or known as silk and cotton,because as to those your verdict must be in favor of the plaintiff. That leaves only two of these varieties of elastic fabric for your consideration. The plaintiff contends that they are dutiable under the 4,53d paragraph of the act 00883, which 'provides for a duty on India-rubber fabrics, composed wholly or in part ofIndia rubber. Undoubtedly these ,are India-rubber fabrics, oomposed in part of India rubber, and as such would be dutiable under that paragraph, unless by some special enumeration they are otherwise provided for in the tariff act. The defendantthe government-contends that they are elsewhere specially enumerated; and defendant's counsel refers to the word "gorings," which is twice used elsewhere in the tariff act-once, in the wool schedule, and again in the cotton to these goods. Now, without construing the language hf those paragraphs where the word "goring" isused, I shall probably put the question to you most simply, and in the way you can best dispose of it, by stating it thus: In order to sustain hiscontention that the use of the word "gorings" in the cotton and in the wool schedules operates to take these particular articles out of their classification as India-rubber fabric, the defendant must satisfy you, by a fair when congress, in this act of preponderance of proof, that at the 1883, first used the word "gorings"'in a tariff act, that word had in the trade and cotnin<erce of this country' a well-known trade meaning; and .further that that well-known trade meaning was such that it would cover goods like these, and, moreover, was such that it would not, and did not COver gorings which were non-elastic. Unless he satisfies you on the affirmative of those various propositions, he has not 'Inade out such a case as will entitle him to claim that these articles are to be,found in the wool and cotton schedules. To recapitulate: He IDustsatisfy you that ill the trade ahd commerce of this country, on March 3,1883, the
as
,'innTEDsTATES t1. BUSKEY.
word " goring lt had a' well.defined ineaning,:,and'that that well-defined meaning covered only elastic "fabrics such as these,;, because, if it also covered non-elastic fa brie, then the provision for" gorings " in the wool.and cotton schedules is met by ,the production ofarticles other than these, and it is not necessary to draw out any articles from the elastic schedule to be covered by that word. The language of trade and commerce you will un. derstand ,of course, is not the mere shop purchasing language of the con. sumer who buys over a retail counter, but it is the language in use by the large dealers of the country who conduct the trade of the country, so called. The jury rendered a yerdict for the defendant all the question left to them.
UNITED STATES '!I. BUSKEY.
(Oircuit (Jourt, E. D. Virginia. BANK.
January 25,1889.)
CounTs-FEDERAL JURISDICTION-EMBEZZLEMENT BY OFFICER OF NATIONAL
The United States circuit conrt has exclusive jurisdiction of the prosecution of an officer of a national bank for embezzling the funds of such bank, ullder Rev. St. U. S. !:\ 5209, declaring that an officer of a national bank who embezzles its funds shall be punished by imprisonment. and under the judiciary act, declaring that the jurisdiction of the circuit court of the United States shall be exclusive in the trial of all crimes or offenses against the laws of the United States, except where it is otherwise provided.
Indictment for Offenses under the National Banking Acts. J. Catlett Gibson,U. S. Dist. Atty., and Ja'1M8 Lyons, Asst. U. S. Dist. Atty. R. O. MarshaU, for defendant. HUGHES, J. The defendant is under several indictments in this court for having as an officer of the Norfolk National Bank embezzled, abstracted, and misapplied moneys, funds, and credits of the bank, and for other offenses. Motion is made by counsel to postpone the trial of the indictments on the ground that, before he was indicted here, prosecutions had been commenced in the corporation court of Norfolk for the same acts with which he is charged here, and should not be interfered with by this court. The penal section of the nationai banking act (5209 of the Revised Statutes) declares that if an officer of a national bankabstracts, embezzles, or misapplies the moneys, funds, or credits of the bank, he shall be punished by imprisonment.' And the judiciaryact in the section defining the jurisdiction ofthe circuit courts of the United States, which it does in terms that have been repeated in every act from 1789 to August 13, 1888, declares that this juriediction shall be exclusive in the trial of all crimes or offenses. against the laws of the United States, except where it is otherwise provided. Section 5209, relating to frauds