38 U.S.C. § 5109A
Section 5109A · Revision of decisions on grounds of clear and unmistakable error
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 125 court decisions — leading case Holliday v. Principi (2001)
Most recently applied in Siples v. Collins (February 2025)
Cases citing this section usually also cite 38 U.S.C. § 7261 · 38 U.S.C. § 7104 · 38 U.S.C. § 7252
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(a) A decision by the Secretary under this chapter is subject to revision on the grounds of clear and unmistakable error. If evidence establishes the error, the prior decision shall be reversed or revised.
(b) For the purposes of authorizing benefits, a rating or other adjudicative decision that constitutes a reversal or revision of a prior decision on the grounds of clear and unmistakable error has the same effect as if the decision had been made on the date of the prior decision.
(c) Review to determine whether clear and unmistakable error exists in a case may be instituted by the Secretary on the Secretary's own motion or upon request of the claimant.
(d) A request for revision of a decision of the Secretary based on clear and unmistakable error may be made at any time after that decision is made.
(e) Such a request shall be submitted to the Secretary and shall be decided in the same manner as any other claim.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Effective Date
Section 1(c)(1) of Pub. L. 105–111 provided that: “Sections 5109A and 7111 of title 38, United States Code, as added by this section, apply to any determination made before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 21, 1997].”