Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera’s Empirical Analysis
1966
Citation profile
15,164 federal appellate · 2,448 district · 60,225 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 90,170 later decisions (758 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2026 · most notably Illinois v. Gates (1983), Schneckloth v. Bustamonte (1973)
15,164 federal appellate · 2,448 district · 60,225 state decisions — followed in 50 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 10 U.S.C. § 831 · 18 U.S.C. § 1114 · 18 U.S.C. § 1201 (International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act of 1993) · 18 U.S.C. § 2113 · 18 U.S.C. § 2311 (Anti Car Theft Act of 1992) · 18 U.S.C. § 241 (Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996) · 18 U.S.C. § 2421 (White-Slave Traffic Act of 1910 (Mann Act)) · 18 U.S.C. § 371
Relies on Glasser v. United States · Johnson v. Zerbst · Gideon v. Wainwright · Mapp v. Ohio
Cited together with Escobedo v. Illinois · Johnson v. State of New Jersey · Edwards v. Arizona · Strickland v. Washington · Rhode Island v. Innis
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 90,170 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way.”
3,001 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself.”
194 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“concrete constitutional guidelines for law enforcement agencies and courts to follow.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How later courts have treated this case
Across 187 classified citations — whether each later court relied on, limited, or rejected this decision:
- 76explained
- 61followed
- 50cited without characterization
Treatment is classified from each citing court's own sentence. This is a running sample — coverage grows as the classification pass proceeds; overrulings are also tracked authoritatively in the case status.