Garza v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
385 F.2d 899 · 1967
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 51 later decisions — most recently January 1986 · most notably United States v. Davis (1982), United States v. Stephenson (1973)
48 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2
Relies on Smith v. United States · United States v. Jones · Modern Farm Service, Inc. v. Ben Pearson, Inc. · Mendoza v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 51 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““Possession” within the meaning of the statute may be either actual or constructive, constructive possession being dominion and control over the illegal drug. Such possession need not be exclusive, but may be shared with others, and is susceptible of proof by circumstantial as well as direct evidence. >: *”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“That on or about November 2, 1966, within the Del Rio Division of the Western District of Texas, JOSE CAZARES-RAMIREZ and JOSE FELIX NANDIN did fraudulently and knowingly receive, conceal and facilitate the transportation and concealment of a narcotic drug, namely, approximately 1146.93 grams of heroin hydrochloride, after said narcotic drug had been imported and brought into the United States contrary to law, namely, the Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act, as amended, and the said JOSE OA-ZARES-RAMIREZ and JOSE EEDIX NANDIN then knew said narcotic drug to have been imported and brought into the United States contrary to law; in violation of Title 21, United States Code, Section 174.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[w]henever on trial for a violation of this section the defendant is shown to have or to have had possession of the narcotic drug, such possession shall be deemed sufficient evidence to authorize conviction unless the defendant explains the possession to the satisfaction of the jury.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.