Romilus v. Ashcroft’s Empirical Analysis
385 F.3d 1 · 2004
Citation profile
71 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 122 later decisions — most recently June 2025 · most notably Silva v. Ashcroft (2005), Lopez de Hincapie v. Gonzales (2007)
71 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 8 U.S.C. § 1101 (§ 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter)) · 8 U.S.C. § 1158 (§ 208 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter)) · 8 U.S.C. § 1159 (§ 209 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter)) · 8 U.S.C. § 1182 (§ 212 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter)) · 8 U.S.C. § 1231 (§ 241 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter)) · 8 U.S.C. § 1252 (§ 242 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter))
Relies on Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Elias-Zacarias · Immigration and Naturalization Service, v. Juan Anibal Aguirre-Aguirre · Chen Yun Gao v. Ashcroft · He Chun Chen v. Ashcroft · Aguilar-Solis v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 122 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) an act causing severe physical or mental pain or suffering; (2) intentionally inflicted; (3) for a proscribed purpose; (4) by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official who has custody or physical control of the victim;7 and (5) not arising from lawful sanctions.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'on one of five protected grounds' -- race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[W]e accept the findings 'as long as they are supported by reasonable, substantial and probative evidence on the record considered as a whole.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.