Warden, Maryland Penitentiary v. Hayden’s Empirical Analysis
1967
Citation profile
2,012 federal appellate · 337 district · 2,812 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 6,382 later decisions (210 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2025 · most notably Terry v. Ohio (1968), Katz v. United States (1967)
2,012 federal appellate · 337 district · 2,812 state decisions — followed in 49 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedHayden v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiary (from Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Wong Sun v. United States · Carroll v. United States · Mapp v. Ohio · Aguilar v. Texas · Jones v. United States
Cited together with Katz v. United States · Chimel v. California · Terry v. Ohio · Coolidge v. New Hampshire · McDonald v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 6,382 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[w]e have recognized that the principal object of the Fourth Amendment is the protection of privacy rather than property, and have increasingly discarded fictional and procedural barriers rested on property concepts.”
112 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The Fourth Amendment does not require police officers to delay in the course of an investigation if to do so would gravely endanger their lives or the lives of others.”
83 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.”
19 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.