Young v. State’s Empirical Analysis
2005
Citation profile
4 district · 34 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 38 later decisions — most recently August 2021 · most notably 43 Cal. 4th 1242 - People v. Nelson (2008), Commonwealth v. Mattei (2010)
4 district · 34 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 120 Wash. 2d 879 - State v. Cauthron · State v. Copeland · Armstead v. State · Commonwealth v. Crews · Commonwealth v. Curnin
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 38 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“PCR analysis begins with a three-step process to amplify the DNA sample: (1) denaturization (the DNA is heated to separate the two strands); (2) annealing (primers containing nucleotide sequences that are complementary to the DNA region being amplified are added to the DNA sample, which bond to the gene when cooled); (3) extension (the gene is “copied” repeatedly in order to produce a larger sample of DNA for analysis). Once PCR amplification has been completed, analysis of the DNA profile and match determination can be conducted through the utilization of several different genetic markers. The markers employed by the laboratory in the instant case are short tandem repeats (“STR”). STRs are DNA sequences consisting of two to six base pairs. STRs particularly are useful in analyzing small DNA samples, because loci containing STRs are present with great frequency throughout the chromosomes. The loci have a large number of alleles and usually are susceptible to unique identification. The FBI has designated thirteen core STR loci and a sex-typing marker (amelogenin) for identification in its national database of convicted felons, the Combined DNA Index System (“CODIS”). DNA profiling typically is used to compare a suspect’s DNA with a sample of DNA taken from a crime scene. “DNA profiling” is a catch-all term for a wide range of methods employed to study genetic variations, including RFLP and PCR/STR typing. All types of DNA analysis involve three basic steps: (1) processing or t”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Givens v. State · Derr v. State“(b) Validation by standards established by TWGDAM [the Technical Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods] or DNA Advisory Board. A statement from the testing laboratory setting forth that the analysis of genetic loci has been validated by standards established by TWGDAM or the DNA Advisory Board is sufficient to admit a DNA profile under this section. (c) Introduction of DNA profile evidence. In any criminal proceeding, the evidence of a DNA profile is admissible to prove or disprove the identity of any person, if the party seeking to introduce the evidence of a DNA profile: (1) Notifies in writing the other party or parties by mail at least 45 days before any criminal proceeding; and (2) Provides, if applicable and requested in writing, the other party or parties at least 30 days before any criminal proceeding with: (i) First generation film copy or suitable reproductions of autoradiographs, dot blots, slot blots, silver stained gels, test strips, control strips, and any other results generated in the course of the analysis; (ii) Copies of laboratory notes generated in connection with the analysis, including chain of custody documents, sizing and hybridization information, statistical calculations, and worksheets; (iii) Laboratory protocols and procedures utilized in the analysis; (iv) The identification of each genetic locus analyzed; and (v) A statement setting forth the genotype data and the profile frequencies for the databases utilized.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Diggs v. State · Thompson v. State“Opinion testimony about uniqueness would simplify the presentation of evidence by dispensing with specific estimates of population frequencies or probabilities. If the basis of an opinion were attacked on statistical grounds, however, or if frequency or probability estimates were admitted, this advantage would be lost. Nevertheless, because the difference between a vanishingly small probability and an opinion of uniqueness is so slight, courts that decide on a criterion for uniqueness and determine that the criterion has been met may choose to allow the latter along with, or instead of, the former, when the scientific findings support' such testimony.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.