Stovall v. Denno’s Empirical Analysis
1967
Citation profile
3,187 federal appellate · 336 district · 7,003 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 12,238 later decisions (202 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2025 · most notably Illinois v. Gates (1983), Batson v. Kentucky (1986)
3,187 federal appellate · 336 district · 7,003 state decisions — followed in 49 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedUnited States ex rel. Stovall v. Denno (from Second Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Chapman v. State of California · Gideon v. Wainwright · United States v. Wade · Mapp v. Ohio
Cited together with United States v. Wade · Gilbert v. California · Simmons v. United States · Linkletter v. Walker · Neil v. Biggers
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 12,238 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(a) the purpose to be served by the new standards, (b) the extent of the reliance by law enforcement authorities on the old standards, and (c) the effect on the administration of justice of a retroactive application of the new standards.”
220 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The practice of showing suspects singly to persons for the purpose of identification, and not as part of a lineup, has been widely condemned.”
116 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“unnecessarily suggestive and conducive to irreparable mistaken identification.”
36 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.