Spence v. Waters’s Empirical Analysis
1938
Citation profile
13
cited by 13 later decisions
2
states following
February 1967
most recently cited
3 federal appellate · 7 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Byrne v. Schultz (Stone)
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 13 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““The signal to cross is not a ‘command to go, but a qualified permission,’ and the qualification is ‘to proceed lawfully and carefully,’ as a prudent man would under the circumstances, which certainly requires looking to the right and left before entering upon the intersecting street. To hold otherwise, and as contended by defendants, would be to relieve drivers from vigilance and careful driving at street intersections, and license them to drive blindly where traffic is most dangerous.””
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Carnes v. Winslow
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.