Propst v. Bitzer’s Empirical Analysis
39 F.3d 148 · 1994
Citation profile
18 federal appellate · 5 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 30 later decisions — most recently February 2012 · most notably Stransky v. Cummins Engine Co. (1995), Watters v. City of Philadelphia (1995)
18 federal appellate · 5 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Connick v. Myers · Missouri v. Continential Insurance Cos. · Waters v. Churchill · Foster v. North Texas Production Credit Ass'n
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Speech that seeks to expose improper operations of the government or questions the integrity of governmental officials clearly concerns vital public interests.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.