State v. Byrd’s Empirical Analysis
2002
Citation profile
7
cited by 7 later decisions
1
states following
August 2011
most recently cited
7 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Delaware v. Prouse · 106 Wash. 2d 144 - State v. Stroud · 107 Wash. 2d 1 - State v. Kennedy · State v. Ladson · State v. Mendez
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Certainly passengers as well as the driver are "seized" when a vehicle is stopped by police officers. Without the stop, the passengers would not be present to be subjected to further police scrutiny and control. The stop necessarily involves the privacy rights of the passenger. Thus, a passenger in a vehicle stopped by police officers can contest the lawfulness of the stop.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Rehn · State v. Rehn“The initial seizure of a car and its occupants does not justify further intrusion by police officers on the rights of the passengers beyond those steps necessary to the officer controlling the scene, or steps justified by exigent circumstances such as officer safety.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Rehn“To extend their authority beyond the initial seizure of the car and driver and to exert control over the passengers, police officers must have an independent, articulable, and lawful basis for their actions.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Rehn
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.