392 Pa. Super. 100 - Commonwealth v. Fromal’s Empirical Analysis
1990
Citation profile
93 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 93 later decisions — most recently October 2015 · most notably State v. Bruno (1996), 413 Pa. Super. 235 - Commonwealth v. Eicher (1992)
93 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Brady v. State of Maryland · Illinois v. Gates · Whiteley v. Warden, Wyoming State Penitentiary · Anderson v. Charles
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 93 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“we consider only the evidence of the prosecution’s witnesses and so much of the evidence for the defense as, fairly read in the context of the record as a whole, remains uncontradicted. (Citation omitted). Moreover, when the evidence viewed in this manner supports the factual finding of the suppression court this Honorable Court can reverse only if there is an error in the legal conclusion drawn from those factual findings.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage“[a]n arresting officer is not required to have sufficient information to establish probable cause for the arrest so long as the officer ordering the arrest possessed sufficient information giving rise to probable cause. Further, an arresting officer in executing a valid arrest may rely on radio broadcasts emanating from police authorities in one of the following instances: 1) when he is ordered or directed to perform the arrest by an officer in possession of facts justifying the arrest, 2) when he receives information over the radio justifying the arrest, or (3) when a combination of facts heard over the radio and acquired otherwise provides requisite probable cause.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“we note that the magistrate’s determination of probable cause should be afforded great deference by [the] appellate courts. Probable cause exists when the facts and circumstances set forth in the affidavit are sufficient to warrant a man of reasonable caution in believing that the contraband to be seized will be in the specified place. The task of the issuing magistrate is to make a common sense decision based upon all the circumstances before him [or her] as to whether there is a “fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found in a particular place.” The duty of a reviewing court is to ensure that the magistrate had a “substantial basis for concluding that probable cause existed.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.