Robert German v. Steven Sosa’s Empirical Analysis
2010
Citation profile
4
cited by 4 later decisions
May 2016
most recently cited
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Graham v. Connor · Pearson v. Callahan · Bonner v. City of Prichard · Duncan v. Walker
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A right may be clearly established for qualified immunity purposes in one of three ways: (1) case law with indistinguishable facts clearly establishing the constitutional right; (2) a broad statement of principle within the Constitution, statute, or case law that clearly establishes a constitutional right; 17 or (3) conduct so egregious that a constitutional right was clearly violated, even in the total absence of case law. 18”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.