Baldwin v. New York’s Empirical Analysis
1970
Citation profile
303 federal appellate · 51 district · 728 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,357 later decisions (73 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2026 · most notably Solem v. Helm (1983), Argersinger v. Hamlin (1972)
303 federal appellate · 51 district · 728 state decisions — followed in 47 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Duncan v. State of Louisiana · Williams v. Florida · Cheff v. Schnackenberg · Baldwin v. New York Williams
Cited together with Duncan v. State of Louisiana · Frank v. United States · District of Columbia v. Clawans · Bloom v. Illinois · Codispoti v. Pennsylvania
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,357 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he prospect of imprisonment for however short a time will seldom be viewed by the accused as a trivial or `petty' matter and may well result in quite serious repercussions affecting his career and his reputation.”
35 later decisions quote this exact passage“no offense can be deemed 'petty' for purposes of the right to trial by jury where imprisonment for more than six months is authorized.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage“In deciding whether an offense is 'petty,' we have sought objective criteria reflecting the seriousness with which society regards the offense, . . . and we have found the most relevant such criteria in the severity of the maximum authorized penalty. . . . Applying these guidelines, we have held that a possible six-month penalty is short enough to permit classification of the offense as 'petty' . . . .”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.