¶1The indictment in this case, as it was returned by the grand jury, did not conclude “ against the peace and dignity of the state.” The contra dignitatem was omitted. Before the defendant was arraigned, the prosecuting-attorney moved the Court to insert the omitted words. The defendant objected, but the Court overruled the objection and permitted the amendment to be made.
¶2The indictment, as it was returned, was undoubtedly insufiicient; but the question is, whether the Court was authorised to amend it, so as to make the conclusion of the indictment conform to the requisition of the constitution?
¶3There is no doubt but that the Court, by the consent of the grand jury, may amend indictments in matters of form. They may be amended in any case where an amendment was allowable at common law. In this respect, there is no difference between civil and criminal cases. The settled practice, when an indictment is returned into Court, is to obtain the consent of the grand jury, that the Court may amend it in matters of form, not altering the substance.
¶4The words with which the constitution requires all indictments to conclude, are words of form. The facts a2’e found *513by the jury on their oath, but the conclusion is affixed by law. The grand jury have nothing to do with finding that sion, nor does the constitution require that it should be found by the grand jury. The amendment made in this case did not hinder, delay, or embarrass the defendant, nor did it deprive him of any just means of defence.
¶5We think the Court did right in permitting the amendment to be made, and that the judgment of the Circuit Court should be affirmed. 1 Ch. Cr. Law, 297, 8, and the authorities cited. 1 Saund. R. 249, note 1.
¶6The judgment is affirmed with costs.