4 E.H. Smith 232 - Clark v. . Howard’s Empirical Analysis
1896
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 22 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently March 1998 · most notably National Surety Corp. of New York v. Ellison (1937), Gbj Corporation v. Eastern Ohio Paving Company (1998)
2 federal appellate · 22 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Lawrence v. . Fox · White v. . Rintoul · Mallory v. . Gillett · Garnsey v. . Rogers · Leonard v. Vredenburgh
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““Where a debtor transfers property to a third person in consideration of his promise to pay the debt to the creditor, the latter may accept and adopt the promise, when it becomes known to him, and maintain an action upon it. When the promise in such cases is the consideration or condition upon which the third party has received the debtor’s property, he thereby makes the debt his own, and assumes an independent duty of payment, irrespective of the liability of the principal or original debtor.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage“, “If the writing, construed in the light of all the surrounding circumstances, imports a promise on the part of the defendants to pay the plaintiff the amount of her debt against the common debtor, in consideration of the transfer by the latter to the defendants of all his property, the plaintiff may maintain an action on this promise, though she was not privy to the contract or consideration.””
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Brumme v. Herod
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.