United States v. Johnson’s Empirical Analysis
4 F.3d 904 · 1993
Citation profile
50 federal appellate · 1 district · 11 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 80 later decisions (3 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2020 · most notably United States v. Williamson (1995), United States v. Saro (1994)
50 federal appellate · 1 district · 11 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 2113 · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 924
Relies on Batson v. Kentucky · Massiah v. United States · Carnegie v. United States · Hernandez v. New York · Bourjaily v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 80 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]n order for a defendant to receive an adjustment under § 3B1.1(b) for his role as a manger or supervisor, the defendant must have managed or supervised at least one other participant.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“is a relevant factor in negating an alleged Batson violation when the [exercising party] has the opportunity to strike the juror.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[U]nless a discriminatory intent is inherent in the prosecutor's explanation, the reason offered will be deemed race neutral.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.