4 Wash. App. 137 - State v. Utter’s Empirical Analysis
1971
Citation profile
29 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently December 2019 · most notably Greenfield v. Commonwealth (1974), State v. Tamalini (1998)
29 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on People v. Gorshen · 66 Cal. 2d 749 - People v. Wilson · People v. Anderson · 42 Cal. 2d 550 - People v. Baker · State v. Mercer
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a certain minimal mental element required in order to establish the actus reus itself.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Deer · State v. Eaton“An `act' committed while one is unconscious is in reality no act at all. It is merely a physical event or occurrence for which there can be no criminal liability.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“When the state of unconsciousness is voluntarily induced through the use and consumption of alcohol or drugs, then that state of unconsciousness does not attain the stature of a complete defense. Thus, in a case such as the present one where there is evidence that the accused has consumed alcohol or drugs, the trial court should give a cautionary instruction with respect to voluntarily induced unconsciousness. The issue of whether or not the appellant was in an •unconscious or automatistic state at the time he allegedly committed the criminal acts charged is a question of fact.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.