Edwards v. Lujan’s Empirical Analysis
40 F.3d 1152 · 1994
Citation profile
8 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 25 later decisions — most recently April 2022 · most notably Bowden v. United States (1997), Brown v. Secretary of the Army (1996)
8 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 29 U.S.C. § 623 (§ 4 of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 717 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 5 U.S.C. § 5596
Relies on Landgraf v. USI Film Products · Library of Congress v. Shaw · Rivers v. Roadway Express, Inc. · Loeffler v. Frank · Brown v. Secretary of the Army
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 25 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In the absence of express congressional consent to the award of interest separate from a general waiver of immunity to suit, the United States is immune from an interest award.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“adopt[ing] Brown 's interpretation of the Back Pay Act”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Woolf v. Bowles“presumption against retroactive application”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Woolf v. Bowles
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.