Hirsch v. Burke’s Empirical Analysis
40 F.3d 900 · 1994
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 45 later decisions — most recently April 2017 · most notably Palmer v. Marion County (2003), Palmquist v. Selvik (1997)
20 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · Bell v. Wolfish · City of Canton v. Harris
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 45 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In short, there is absolutely nothing in this record to show that the defendants were on notice of any constitutional violations, much less that they were deliberately indifferent to them.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Palmquist v. Selvick
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.