40 N.C. App. 188 - Ludwig v. Hart’s Empirical Analysis
1979
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 30 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 35 later decisions — most recently February 2019 · most notably Long v. City of Charlotte (1982), 88 N.C. App. 1 - J & B Slurry Seal Co. v. Mid-South Aviation, Inc. (1987)
3 federal appellate · 30 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Cutts v. Casey · State v. Brower · Rose v. Epley Motor Sales · Moore v. New York Life Insurance Company · Sprinkle v. Wellborn.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 35 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“when that person's presence is necessary in order for the court to determine the claim before it without prejudicing the rights of a party before it or the rights of others not before the court.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“A judgment which is determinative of a claim arising in an action in which necessary parties have not been joined is null and void,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“. . . based upon your acquaintance with and observation of [the ward], do you have an opinion satisfactory to yourself as to whether or not [the ward] had sufficient mental capacity to understand the nature and consequences of her act in signing a deed on May 6, 1976, which said deed had the intended effect of conveying her interest in certain real property to the defendants?”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.