Perez. v. Campbell’s Empirical Analysis
1971
Citation profile
374 federal appellate · 170 district · 346 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 2,479 later decisions (65 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2025 · most notably Berkemer v. McCarty (1984), Payne v. Tennessee (1991)
374 federal appellate · 170 district · 346 state decisions — followed in 37 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedPerez v. Campbell (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2281
Relies on Hines v. Davidowitz · Local Loan Co. v. Hunt · Florida Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul · Gibbons v. Ogden
Cited together with Hines v. Davidowitz · Local Loan Co. v. Hunt · Florida Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul · Jones v. Rath Packing Co. · Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 2,479 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“stands as an obstacle to the accomplishment and execution of the full purposes and objectives of Congress.”
38 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[A]ny state legislation which frustrates the full effectiveness of federal law is rendered invalid by the Supremacy Clause.”
30 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Deciding whether a state statute is in conflict with a federal statute and hence invalid under the Supremacy Clause is essentially a two-step process of first ascertaining the construction of the two statutes and then determining the constitutional question whether they are in conflict.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.