Carter v. Stanton’s Empirical Analysis
1972
Citation profile
363 federal appellate · 137 district · 53 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,002 later decisions (21 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2025 · most notably Hagans v. Lavine (1974), Patsy v. Board of Regents of Fla. (1982)
363 federal appellate · 137 district · 53 state decisions — followed in 14 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Monroe v. Pape · Dandridge v. Williams · Shapiro v. Thompson · King v. Smith · McNeese v. Board of Education for Community Unit School District 187 Cahokia
Cited together with Conley v. Gibson · Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Monroe v. Pape · Damico v. California · McNeese v. Board of Education for Community Unit School District 187 Cahokia
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,002 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“opaque and unilluminating as to either the relevant facts or the law”
17 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]f, on a motion asserting the ... failure of the pleading to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, matters outside the pleading are presented to and not excluded by the court, the motion shall be treated as one for summary judgment and disposed of as provided in Rule 56 and all parties shall be given reasonable opportunity to present all material made pertinent to such a motion by Rule 56.”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.