Healy v. James’s Empirical Analysis
1972
Citation profile
475 federal appellate · 186 district · 210 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,475 later decisions (80 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2026 · most notably Perry Education Ass'n v. Perry Local Educators' Ass'n (1983), Procunier v. Martinez (1974)
475 federal appellate · 186 district · 210 state decisions — followed in 31 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedHealy v. James (from Second Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · United States v. O'Brien · Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · National Association for Advancement of Colored People v. Y Button · National Association for Advancement of Colored People v. State of Alabama Patterson
Cited together with Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · Widmar v. Vincent · Keyishian v. Board of Regents of Univ. of State of NY · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Police Department of Chicago v. Mosley
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,475 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the precedents of this Court leave no room for the view that, because of the acknowledged need for order, First Amendment protections should apply with less force on college campuses than in the community at large.”
17 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“I do not believe that it can be too often repeated that the freedoms of speech, press, petition and assembly guaranteed by the First Amendment must be accorded to the ideas we hate or sooner or later they will be denied to the ideas we cherish.”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“The college classroom with its surrounding environs is peculiarly 'the marketplace of ideas.'”
12 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.