41 Cal. 4th 304 - People v. Rivera’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

28 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “'It is well established that law enforcement officers may approach someone on the street or in another public place and converse if the person is willing to do so' without having any 'articulable suspicion of criminal activity.'”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. People v. Kidd · 187 Cal. App. 4th 722 - People v. Schmitz

2. “Consensual encounters may also take place at the doorway of a home. In a frequently cited opinion, one federal appeals court stated more than 40 years ago: `Absent express orders from the person in possession against any possible trespass, there is no rule of private or public conduct which makes it illegal per se, or a condemned invasion of the person's right of privacy, for anyone openly and peaceably, at high noon, to walk up the steps and knock on the front door of any man's "castle”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 156 Cal. App. 4th 60 - People v. Rivera

3. “The sanctity of the home is not threatened when police approach a residence, converse with the homeowner, and properly obtain consent to search. . . . No heightened level of Fourth Amendment scrutiny arises in this consensual contact . . . because it occurred at a home.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 156 Cal. App. 4th 60 - People v. Rivera