Christian v. Rhode’s Empirical Analysis
41 F.3d 461 · 1994
Citation profile
27 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 74 later decisions — most recently September 2024 · most notably Turner v. Marshall (1995), Allen v. Woodford (2005)
27 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1343 · 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Kotteakos v. United States · Brecht v. Abrahamson · Ohio v. Roberts · Pointer v. Texas
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 74 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'had substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining the jury's verdict.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“absent a showing of fundamental unfairness, a state court's misapplication of its own sentencing laws does not justify federal habeas relief”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“`[g]ood faith' and `reasonableness' are terms that demand fact-intensive, case-by-case analysis, not rigid rules,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.