41 U.S.C. § 35
Section 35 · Contracts for materials, etc., exceeding $10,000; representations and stipulations
Amended 6 times on record
Applied in 169 court decisions — leading case Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc. (1978)
Most recently applied in 118 Fed. Cl. 408 - Rotech Healthcare Inc. v. United States (September 2014)
Cases citing this section usually also cite 29 U.S.C. § 201 · 29 U.S.C. § 655 · 29 U.S.C. § 251
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
In any contract made and entered into by any executive department, independent establishment, or other agency or instrumentality of the United States, or by the District of Columbia, or by any corporation all the stock of which is beneficially owned by the United States (all the foregoing being hereinafter designated as agencies of the United States), for the manufacture or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, and equipment in any amount exceeding $10,000, there shall be included the following representations and stipulations:
(a) That all persons employed by the contractor in the manufacture or furnishing of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment used in the performance of the contract will be paid, without subsequent deduction or rebate on any account, not less than the minimum wages as determined by the Secretary of Labor to be the prevailing minimum wages for persons employed on similar work or in the particular or similar industries or groups of industries currently operating in the locality in which the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment are to be manufactured or furnished under said contract;
(b) That no person employed by the contractor in the manufacture or furnishing of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment used in the performance of the contract shall be permitted to work in excess of forty hours in any one week: Provided, That the provisions of this subsection shall not apply to any employer who shall have entered into an agreement with his employees pursuant to the provisions of paragraphs (1) or (2) of subsection (b) of section 207 of title 29;
(c) That no male person under sixteen years of age and no female person under eighteen years of age and no convict labor will be employed by the contractor in the manufacture or production or furnishing of any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment included in such contract, except that this section, or any other law or Executive order containing similar prohibitions against purchase of goods by the Federal Government, shall not apply to convict labor which satisfies the conditions of section 1761(c) of title 18; and
(d) That no part of such contract will be performed nor will any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated in any plants, factories, buildings, or surroundings or under working conditions which are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees engaged in the performance of said contract. Compliance with the safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws of the State in which the work or part thereof is to be performed shall be prima-facie evidence of compliance with this subsection.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Amendments
1994—Subsecs. (a) to (e). Pub. L. 103–355 redesignated subsecs. (b) to (e) as (a) to (d), respectively, and struck out former subsec. (a) which read as follows: “That the contractor is the manufacturer of or a regular dealer in the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or used in the performance of the contract;”.
1985—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–145 struck out “eight hours in any one day or in excess of” before “forty hours”.
1979—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 90–351, §827(b), as added by Pub. L. 96–157, inserted provisions relating to convict labor which satisfies the conditions of section 1761(c) of title 18.
1942—Subsec. (c). Act May 13, 1942, inserted proviso.
Effective Date of 1994 Amendment
For effective date and applicability of amendment by Pub. L. 103–355, see section 10001 of Pub. L. 103–355, set out as a note under section 251 of this title.
Effective Date of 1985 Amendment
Section 1241(c) of Pub. L. 99–145 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 328 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works] shall take effect on January 1, 1986.”
Short Title
Section 12 of act June 30, 1936, as added by Pub. L. 103–355, title X, §10005(f)(5), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3409, provided that: “This Act [enacting this section and sections 36 to 45 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Walsh-Healey Act’.” [Another section 12 of act June 30, 1936, is classified to section 45 of this title.]
Exemptions to Federal Restrictions on Marketability of Prison Made Goods
Provisions of this section creating exemptions to Federal regulations on marketability of prison made goods are not applicable unless representatives of local union central bodies or similar labor union organizations have been consulted prior to the initiation of any project qualifying of any exemption created by this section and such paid inmate employment will not result in the displacement of employed workers, or be applied in skills, crafts, or trades in which there is a surplus of available gainful labor in the locality, or impair existing contracts for services, see section 819(c) of Pub. L. 90–351, set out as a note under section 1761 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
Exceptions and Exemptions
7 F.R. 9399 (amending Exemption Order Apr. 21, 1942, 7 F.R. 3003), which exempted female persons under 18 years of age from the provisions of subsec. (d) of this section, was superseded by 10 F.R. 10438.
Contracting Authority of Government Agencies in Connection With National Defense Functions
Provisions of sections 35 to 45 of this title as applicable to Government agencies exercising certain contracting authority in connection with national-defense functions, see section 13 of Ex. Ord. No. 10789, set out as a note under section 1431 of Title 50, War and National Defense.