United States v. Gray’s Empirical Analysis
410 F.3d 338 · 2005
Citation profile
18 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently August 2024 · most notably Metavante Corp. v. Emigrant Savings Bank (2010), United States v. Thornton (2006)
18 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2518 (Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986) · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on United States v. Booker · United States v. Olano · Illinois v. Gates · United States v. Frady · Nardone v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“supported by specific facts and circumstances substantially outweighs its prejudicial effect.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.