Keyes v. School District No 1 Denver Colorado’s Empirical Analysis
1973
Citation profile
640 federal appellate · 121 district · 86 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,532 later decisions (95 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2024 · most notably Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York (1978), International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States (1977)
640 federal appellate · 121 district · 86 state decisions — followed in 16 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedWilfred Keyes v. School District No. 1, Denver, Colorado, Wilfred Keyes v. School District No. 1, Denver, Colorado (from Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Neil v. Biggers · Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Griswold v. State of Connecticut · United States v. O'Brien · Connally v. General Construction Co.
Cited together with Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education · Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Green v. County School Board of New Kent County · Washington v. Davis · Brown v. Board of Education
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,532 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“is merely a question of policy and fairness based on experience in the different situations.”
42 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“past segregative acts did not create or contribute to the current segregated condition,”
30 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“school authorities have carried out a systematic program of segregation affecting a substantial portion of students, schools, teachers, and facilities within the school system . . . .”
26 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.