Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co.’s Empirical Analysis
1973
Citation profile
332 federal appellate · 181 district · 41 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 992 later decisions (28 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2024 · most notably International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States (1977), Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody (1975)
332 federal appellate · 181 district · 41 state decisions — followed in 13 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedCecilia ESPINOZA and Rudolfo Espinoza, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. FARAH MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Inc., Defendant-Appellant (from Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 702 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 5 U.S.C. § 3301 (Federal Vacancies Reform Act of 1998) · 5 U.S.C. § 7151 · 8 U.S.C. § 1423 (§ 312 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter))
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Griggs v. Duke Power Co. · Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission · King v. Smith · Zuber v. Allen
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 992 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“compelling indications that it is wrong.”
18 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“the country where a person was born, or, more broadly, the country from which his or her ancestors came.”
13 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[N]othing in the Act makes it illegal to discriminate on the basis of citizenship or alienage.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.