Lubin v. Panish’s Empirical Analysis
1974
Citation profile
295 federal appellate · 125 district · 221 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,077 later decisions (51 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2025 · most notably Buckley v. Valeo (1976), Anderson v. Celebrezze (1983)
295 federal appellate · 125 district · 221 state decisions — followed in 26 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Griffin v. People of the State of Illinois · San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez · Reynolds v. Sims · Shapiro v. Thompson · Douglas v. People of State of California
Cited together with Bullock v. Carter · Storer v. Brown · Williams v. Rhodes · Anderson v. Celebrezze · Jenness v. Fortson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,077 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A procedure inviting or permitting every citizen to present himself to the voters on the ballot without some means of measuring the seriousness of the candidate’s desire and motivation would make rational voter choices more difficult because of the size of the ballot and hence would tend to impede the electoral process.”
37 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“some reasonable quantum of voter support.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“The realities of the electoral process ... strongly suggest that 'access' via write-in votes falls far short of access in terms of having the name of the candidate on the ballot.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.