United States v. Bailey’s Empirical Analysis
417 F.3d 873 · 2005
Citation profile
18 federal appellate · 1 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 27 later decisions — most recently July 2022 · most notably State v. Nash (2006), State v. Morgan (2011)
18 federal appellate · 1 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Wong Sun v. United States · Ornelas v. United States · United States v. Sokolow · United States v. Arvizu
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 27 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a reasonable and particularized suspicion that criminal activity may be afoot”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Waters v. Madson“particularized and objective basis for suspecting legal wrongdoing.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.