421 Pa. Super. 233 - Commonwealth v. Torres’s Empirical Analysis
1992
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 31 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 34 later decisions — most recently January 2020 · most notably 2005 Pa. Super. 166 - Commonwealth v. Jones (2005), Commonwealth v. Ratsamy (2007)
3 federal appellate · 31 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on In re the Primary Election of May 21, 1991 · Davis v. United States · City of Hazleton v. City Council · Hardcastle v. Pennsylvania · Commonwealth v. Hardcastle
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 34 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A]ll equipment, products and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing, concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing into the human body a controlled substance in violation of this act.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[i]n determining whether an object is drug paraphernalia, a court or other authority should consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use, prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, under any State or Federal law relating to any controlled substance, the proximity of the object in time and space, to a direct violation of this act, the proximity of the object to controlled substances, the existence of any residue of controlled substances on the object, ... the existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community, and expert testimony concerning its use.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“(a) The following acts and the causing thereof within the Commonwealth are hereby prohibited: ****** (30) Except as authorized by this act, the manufacture, delivery, or possession with intent to manufacture or deliver, a controlled substance by a person not registered under this act, or a practitioner not registered or licensed by the appropriate State board, or knowingly creating, delivering, or possessing with intent to deliver, a counterfeit controlled substance.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.