422 F. Supp. 708 - Reed v. Rhodes’s Empirical Analysis
1976
Citation profile
8 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 40 later decisions — most recently September 1999 · most notably Tanya Mixon v. The State of Ohio and Michael White (1999), Reed v. Rhodes (1999)
8 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 20 U.S.C. § 1232G (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974) · 28 U.S.C. § 1292
Relies on Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Washington v. Davis · Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education · Shelley v. Kraemer · Green v. County School Board of New Kent County
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 40 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“from discriminating on the basis of race in the operation of the public schools of the City of Cleveland, and from creating, promoting, or maintaining racial segregation in any school or other facility in the Cleveland Public Schools.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Reed v. Rhodes · Reed v. Rhodes“Of all the issues raised at trial, perhaps none engendered as much discussion as the local school board’s purported “neighborhood school policy.” At various times, such policy was both a sword and a shield. The plaintiffs wielded it as an offensive weapon and viewed the board’s application of the neighborhood school policy as clear evidence of its segregative intent. The board, on the other hand, cloaked itself in the neighborhood school policy viewing such policy not only as a viable defense, but also one mandated by law.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“forming a single, separate, isolated, and insulated educational unit. There was evidence presented that during this period every attempt was made to keep the transported students separate from the remainder of the student body at the predominantly white receiving schools. Dr. Theobald of the Cleveland School Board who took part in the organization and implementation of the busing program, and in fact made the decision to bus the children intact, (TR. at 525) testified that this degree of separation was required for”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Reed v. Rhodes
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.