Brown v. Illinois’s Empirical Analysis
1975
Citation profile
1,899 federal appellate · 484 district · 4,584 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 8,296 later decisions (109 by the Supreme Court) — most recently November 2025 · most notably Illinois v. Gates (1983), United States v. Leon (1984)
1,899 federal appellate · 484 district · 4,584 state decisions — followed in 50 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Terry v. Ohio · Wong Sun v. United States · Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte
Cited together with Wong Sun v. United States · Terry v. Ohio · Dunaway v. New York · Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 8,296 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the purpose and flagrancy of the official misconduct.”
460 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“sufficiently an act of free will to purge the primary taint.”
67 later decisions quote this exact passage“so lacking in indicia of probable cause as to render official belief in its existence entirely unreasonable.”
55 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.