Bowen v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
1975
Citation profile
144 federal appellate · 15 district · 36 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 285 later decisions (19 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2019 · most notably United States v. Leon (1984), Teague v. Lane (1989)
144 federal appellate · 15 district · 36 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedUnited States v. Bowen (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on North Carolina v. Pearce · Stovall v. Denno · Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority · Duncan v. State of Louisiana · Almeida-Sanchez v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 285 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“We are not persuaded that the differences between roving patrols and traffic checkpoints justify dispensing in this case with the safeguards we required in Almeida-Sanchez. We therefore follow that decision and hold that at traffic checkpoints removed from the border and its functional equivalents, officers may not search private vehicles without consent or probable cause.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“(T)he district courts and courts of appeals should follow our practice, when issues of both retroactivity and application of constitutional doctrine are raised, of deciding the retroactivity issue first.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Teague v. Lane · Beeson v. Hudson“We hold today in United States v. Ortiz, ante, p. 891, [ 95 S.Ct. 2585 , 45 L.Ed.2d 641 ], that the Fourth Amendment, as interpreted in Almeida-Sanchez, forbids searching cars at traffic checkpoints in the absence of consent or probable cause.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.