Commonwealth v. Trapp’s Empirical Analysis
1996
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 68 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 71 later decisions — most recently August 2022 · most notably Commonwealth v. Barbosa (2010), Commonwealth v. Niemic (1998)
3 federal appellate · 68 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Wade · Gilbert v. California · Estelle v. Williams · Estelle v. Smith · United States v. Ash
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 71 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[w]e evaluate the instruction as a whole, looking for the interpretation a reasonable juror would place on the judge's words.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“significant discretion in deciding whether late-discovered or late-disclosed witnesses should be excluded from testifying”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“to use any particular words in their instructions so long as they convey the legal concepts properly.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.