Gray v. Grunnagle’s Empirical Analysis
1966
Citation profile
12 federal appellate · 156 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 193 later decisions — most recently June 2017 · most notably 8 Cal. 3d 229 - Cobbs v. Grant (1972), Moure v. Raeuchle (1992)
12 federal appellate · 156 state decisions — followed in 12 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Chambers v. Montgomery · Natanson v. Kline · Smith v. Yohe · Natanson v. Kline · Mohr v. Williams
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 193 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“* * * It will be no defense for a surgeon to prove that the patient had given his consent, if the consent was not given with a true understanding of the nature of the operation to be performed, the seriousness of it, and organs of the body involved, the disease or incapacity sought to be cured, and the possible results.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage“In order to understand the nature of consent it is necessary at the outset to have some understanding of the legal relationship between the physician and his patient. This relationship is essentially contractual in nature. * * * More often than not the contract is raised by implication from the dealings between the parties, and in a like manner the acts to be performed by the parties are impliedly defined. * * * In short, the surgeon must operate in accordance with the agreement made between the parties. Consent for the operation or treatment arises from the contract and is given only in connection with what the parties understood was to be done * * *”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[W]here a patient is mentally and physically able to consult about his condition, in the absence of an emergency, the consent of the patient is “a prerequisite to a surgical operation by his physician” and an operation without the patient’s consent is a technical assault, Moscicki v. Shor, 107 Pa.Super. 192, 195 , 163 A. 341, 342 (1932); Dicenzo v. Berg, 340 Pa. 305, 307 , 16 A.2d 15, 16 [, and] the burden is on plaintiff to prove “that the operation performed, or substantially that operation, was not authorized by him.” Dicenzo v. Berg, 340 Pa. at 307 , 16 A,2d at 16 .”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.