Munroe v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
424 F.2d 243 · 1970
Citation profile
57 federal appellate · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 73 later decisions — most recently January 2019 · most notably United States v. Ortiz (1986), Reazin v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Kansas, Inc. (1990)
57 federal appellate · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 321 (Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act)
Relies on Allen v. United States · Sears v. United States · Martinez v. United States · Burroughs v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 73 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“case by case examination to determine whether the taint of coercion was present.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““The instruction given here is not a typical ‘Allen’ instruction. In the Allen case the instruction stated in part, ‘if much the larger number were for conviction, a dissenting juror should consider whether his doubt was a reasonable one * * *. If, upon the other hand, the majority was for acquittal, the minority ought to ask themselves whether they might not reasonably doubt the correctness of a judgment which was not concurred in by the majority. ’ That instruction unequivocably put the burden of reexamination upon the minority. Unlike Allen, the instructions given here, in effect, were directed at both, the minority and majority, . . .””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“In light of the importance of this case and in light of the fact that it has been a trial of some moderate length and magnitude, your failure to agree on a verdict will necessitate another trial. I’m of the opinion that this case cannot be tried better or more exhaustively than it has been on either side. It is therefore very desirable that you should agree on a verdict. I do not desire that any juror should surrender his or her conscientiously held convictions; on the other hand, each juror should perform his or her duty conscientiously and honestly, according to the law and the evidence, and although the verdict to which a juror agrees must, of course, be his or her own verdict, the result of his or her own convictions and not mere — not a mere acquiescence in the conclusions of his or her fellows, yet in order to bring 12 minds to a unanimous result, you must examine the questions submitted to you with candor and with a proper regard and deference to the opinion of each other. You should consider that the case must at some time be decided; that you are selected in the same manner and from the same source from which any future jury must be and there is no reason to suppose that the case will be submitted to 12 men and women more intelligent, impartial or competent to decide it or that more or clearer evidence will be produced on one side or the other. You may conduct your deliberations as you choose, but I suggest that you carefully consider the evidence in this case.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.