United States v. Etheridge’s Empirical Analysis
424 F.2d 951 · 1970
Citation profile
40 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 59 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2018 · most notably Ethridge v. United States (1971), United States v. Hamilton (1982)
40 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2113
Relies on Glasser v. United States · United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · Pointer v. Texas · Pinkerton v. United States · Massiah v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 59 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““A conspiracy, especially one which contemplates a continuity of purpose and a continued performance of acts, is presumed to continue until there has been an affirmative showing that it has terminated; and its members continue to be conspirators until there has been an affirmative showing that they have withdrawn.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““Whoever, in committing any offense defined in this section, or in avoiding or attempting to avoid apprehension for the commission of such offense, or in freeing himself or attempting to free himself from arrest or confinement for such offense, kills any person, or forces any person to accompany him without the consent of such person, shall be imprisoned not less than ten years, or punished by death if the verdict of the jury shall so direct.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““We recognize as to appellants Bostic and Cole that there is no specific testimony that they had knowledge of the plan to do away with Ferguson. But there is ample evidence that they knowingly joined and participated in a conspiracy to commit armed robbery of banks. We conclude that the murder actually committed must be viewed as within the reasonable contemplation of those who formulated and participated in the bank robbery scheme and was in furtherance of the plan.” United States v. Etheridge, 424 F.2d 951, 965 (6th Cir. 1970), writ of certiorari dismissed as improvidently granted sub nom. Bostic v. United States, 402 U.S. 547 , 91 S.Ct. 2174 , 29 L.Ed.2d 102 (1971).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.