Commonwealth v. Fryar’s Empirical Analysis
1997
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 8 district · 68 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 79 later decisions — most recently September 2019 · most notably Commonwealth v. Azar (2002), Commonwealth v. DiGiambattista (2004)
3 federal appellate · 8 district · 68 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Swain v. State of Alabama · Duren v. Missouri · Castaneda v. Partida · Association of National Advertisers, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission · Democratic Party of the United States v. Wisconsin ex rel. La Follette
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 79 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“An out of court statement made by a person that he, and not the defendant on trial, committed the crime is admissible [for substantive purposes] where: (1) the declarant’s testimony is unavailable; (2) the statement tends so far to subject the declarant to criminal liability that a reasonable man would not have made the statement unless he believed it were true; and (3) the statement, if offered to exculpate the accused, is corroborated by circumstances clearly indicating its truthfulness.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“The evidence showed that the victim was stabbed in the chest with a knife. This evidence does not warrant a finding of a risk of harm less than a strong likelihood of death____Thus, the erroneous grievous bodily harm language in the third prong instruction was harmless..”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Avellar v. Dubois
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.