43 Cal. 2d 132 - People v. Robinson’s Empirical Analysis
1954
Citation profile
92 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 95 later decisions — most recently April 2014 · most notably 58 Cal. 2d 304 - People v. Rosoto (1962), 25 Cal. 4th 1124 - People v. Russo (2001)
92 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Smellie v. Southern Pacific Co. · 20 Cal. 2d 885 - People v. Putnam · People v. Buffum · 98 Cal. App. 2d 1 - People v. Griffin · People v. Coffey
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 95 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““. . . It is true that there is no direct evidence of a conspiracy ; all the direct evidence bearing on the question is to the effect that the defendants who actually participated in the assault and battery had been instructed to avoid the use of violence. But ‘A conspiracy can generally be established only by circumstantial evidence. It is not often that the direct fact of a common unlawful design can be proved other than by the establishment of independent facts bearing on such design.’ (Cases cited.) ””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.