Barnard v. Jackson County’s Empirical Analysis
43 F.3d 1218 · 1995
Citation profile
29 federal appellate · 11 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 57 later decisions — most recently December 2022 · most notably Belk v. City of Eldon (2000), Scott Sexton v. Ronald Martin City of Des Peres Missouri (2000)
29 federal appellate · 11 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corporation · Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Perry v. Sindermann · Connick v. Myers
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 57 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[s]peech disclosing allegations of criminal activity allegedly committed by elected public officials and allegations of official misconduct by an incumbent elected official are matters occupying the highest rung of hierarchy of First Amendment values . . . Such speech is of inherent public concern.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Because we believe that the second component of the above test resolves the issues regarding Barnard's contacts with the Star, we assume without deciding that Barnard's speech with the Star touched upon matters of public concern, and we proceed to the Pickering balancing test.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Shahar v. Bowers“arrive at a balance between the interest of the [employee], as a citizen, in commenting upon matters of public concern and the interest of the State, as an employer, in promoting the efficiency of the public services it performs through its employees.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.