United States v. Hill’s Empirical Analysis
430 F.2d 129 · 1970
Citation profile
80 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 91 later decisions — most recently November 2005 · most notably United States v. Warner (1971), United States v. McDaniel (1972)
80 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 545 · 19 U.S.C. § 482 · 28 U.S.C. § 2111
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Chapman v. State of California · Marchetti v. United States · Grosso v. United States · Haynes v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 91 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““The class of persons who may be subjected to a border search is not limited to those suspected persons who are searched for contraband upon first entering in the United States. Also included in the class are . . . persons engaged in suspicious activities near a border area . . .””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“. when an individual has direct contact with a border area, or an individual’s movements are reasonably related to the border area, that individual is a member of the class of persons that a customs officer may, if his suspicions are aroused, stop and search while the individual is still within the border area.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“persons and vehicles after they have cleared an initial customs checkpoint.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.