Woodards v. Cardwell’s Empirical Analysis
430 F.2d 978 · 1970
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 48 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 84 later decisions — most recently September 2020 · most notably State v. Landrum (1990), State v. Richey (1992)
20 federal appellate · 48 state decisions — followed in 16 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Townsend v. Sain · Witherspoon v. Illinois · Illinois v. Allen · Blackburn v. Alabama · Langnes v. Green
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 84 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“"The rule that a prisoner brought into court for a trial is entitled to appear free from all bonds or shackles is an important component of a fair and impartial trial."”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Pier v. State · Walker v. State“And sound discretion has long meant a discretion that is not exercised arbitrarily or willfully but with regard to what is right and equitable under the circumstances and the law, and directed by the reason and conscience of the judge to a just result.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“while some effort was made to keep the jurors from constant awareness of the manner in which petitioner was shackled, they could not avoid observing his wearing of the restraints.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Brofford v. Marshall
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.